There is a constant investigation in the literature about deficits in social cognition (SC) in people with schizophrenia (Green et al., 2008). In a music therapy session (MT), it is possible to notice numerous musical and extramusical phenomena that emerge through coactive musical practice, which can be related to the domains of SC. In searching for a better understanding of SC in MT, this article proposes a systematic review to identify studies on this relationship. Studies related to the neuroscience of music can contribute to the understanding of SC domains, creating bridges between neurophysiological domains related to emotions, social behavior, and social cognition stimulated through music. This study aims to establish a relationship between coactive musical practices in MT with SC to promote, in future research, the development of an evaluation protocol to identify and evaluate these extramusical phenomena systematically.
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