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ARTIGOS

Vol. 14 (2026): Percepta - Revista de Cognição Musical

Milky Way Temperaments: a proposal of five well-tempered tuning systems

DOI
https://doi.org/10.34018/2318-891X.14e026009
Submitted
June 13, 2026
Published
2026-10-27

Abstract

Throughout the history of music, tuning systems in the Western tradition can be grouped into four main categories: Pythagorean tuning, meantone temperaments, well temperaments, and equal temperament. All of them involve different forms of redistribution of the Pythagorean and/or syntonic commas. This study proposes five new tuning systems inspired by the structure of the Milky Way (Norma-Cygnus, Scutum-Crux, Carina-Sagittarius, Orion, and Perseus), situated within the category of well temperaments. The methodology adopted an empirical-theoretical approach, combining piano tuning practice, analysis of intervallic deviations, and mathematical modeling through a calculator designed for graphical representation of comma distribution. As a result, five well-tempered systems with distinct intervallic configurations were obtained, expanding the range of models available for theoretical investigation of temperaments and for contemporary piano tuning practice.

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